Which term describes an involuntary transfer of title to real property?

• A. Will
• B. Grant
• C. Mortgage
• D. Involuntary transfer

Answer: (D)

An involuntary transfer occurs when title passes to someone else without the owner’s consent, usually through a legal process or public sale. In real estate, this happens in situations like foreclosure on a mortgage, tax sales, or condemnations, where the transfer is driven by law rather than a voluntary agreement.

That’s why this choice fits best: it names the transfer type that happens without the owner’s active participation. The other terms describe voluntary transfers: a grant is a deed-based transfer the owner initiates; a will transfers property after death according to the will; a mortgage is a loan that creates a lien, not a direct transfer of title.