Which four traits are the physical characteristics of land?

• A. Ownership, equity, value, marketability
• B. Situs, permanence, uniqueness, & complexity
• C. Size, shape, zoning, accessibility
• D. Construction, fixtures, movables, ownership

Answer: (B)

The main idea is that land has inherently fixed, location-based qualities that make each parcel distinct. The first trait, situs, refers to location and how where land sits affects its use and value. Permanence points to land’s durability: it doesn’t wear out like many personal property things, it endures over time. Uniqueness captures the fact that every parcel is different—no two plots are exactly alike in shape, size, terrain, or surrounding features. Complexity recognizes that land isn’t just dirt; it combines physical attributes with rights, restrictions, and potential improvements, creating a unique and intricate whole for each parcel.

Together, these four describe the intrinsic, physical nature of land in real estate, as opposed to characteristics tied to ownership, economics, or regulatory status.