How many promises are contained in a general warranty deed?

• A. Four covenants
• B. Six warranties
• C. Five promises
• D. Three covenants

Answer: (C)

A general warranty deed provides five promises about the title. These covenants cover both what the grantor currently has and how future disputes will be handled: seisin (the grantor actually owns the estate described and has the right to convey it), the right to convey (the grantor has authority to transfer the property), against encumbrances (there are no hidden liens or encumbrances except those disclosed), quiet enjoyment (the grantee won’t be disturbed by third-party claims), and further assurances (the grantor will take steps to cure any title defects if they arise). Together, these five covenants give the grantee broad protection against title problems. Some texts or contexts may list an additional warranty, but the standard count for a general warranty deed is five covenants.