Delivery and acceptance of the deed are necessary for transfer to be effective.

• A. Delivery and acceptance are unnecessary
• B. Recording and notarization are necessary
• C. Payment of consideration is required
• D. Delivery and acceptance of the deed

Answer: (D)

Delivery and acceptance determine when title passes with a deed. The grantor must deliver the deed with the present intent to transfer ownership, and the grantee must accept it. Delivery can be actual (handing over the deed) or constructive (placing it in a way that shows the intent to transfer, such as to a third party for the grantee). Without delivery or acceptance, the transfer does not occur, even if the deed is signed. Recording and notarization affect notice and authenticity but are not required for the basic transfer of ownership between parties. Payment of consideration is not required; a deed can convey property as a gift. So, delivery and acceptance are the elements that make the transfer effective.